Influenza and Ebola are viruses capable of causing life threatening human diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Ebola virus is a viral hemorrhagic fever disease characterized by an initial non specific symptoms following by internal and external bleeding and death if not treated adequately. Both viruses are notorious for causing pandemics with loss of human life (1, 2). Continue reading
Biotechnicians increasingly rely on well-known methods and anxiety medications to decipher microbial conflicts while expanding various anxiety medications and measures to fight anxiety disorders. The members of the scientific community agreed that the accessibility of the amount of antibiotics gave trained physicians the ability to control bacterial infections. However, as opposed to rejoicing over the ability to combat hazardous microorganisms successfully, biotech professionals are learning to control microbes that build up resistance to an increasing amount of previously reliable antibiotics.
The fight revolves around the expertise and ability of well-trained genomics in addition to microbiological techniques. The capacity to sequence genomes and search for genes in order to produce clones encircling the genes for research; these encompass a key element of microbiology. Examination of genetic differences is vital for microbes, nucleotide polymorphisms in addition to chromosomal elements, which are able to pass on drug resistance on a microscopic level. Moreover, the opposite is also true. The method of handling microbes in a controlled laboratory environment is crucial in furthering work in the genomic field. Continue reading
Food colors are additives which occur naturally or produced synthetically to be . They are prepared in the form of liquids, gases and as well as powder forms, though many have also been prepared as pastes. The use of dyes and colors has been adopted in imparting colors to foods commercially and locally in domestic food preparations. However, widespread use of dyes in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications has raised questions about their safety levels [1]. Continue reading
The contemporary concept of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is widely described by the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) as a major cause of concern among children. The major manifestations of ADHD have been described in excessive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive children, with the early etiological theories being similar to the current descriptions of ADHD. Since the nineteenth century, detailed studied focusing on the behaviors of hyperactive children with added knowledge on brain functions have resulted in better understanding of the inherent behavioral and neuropathological deficits underlying the disorder. Currently, most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder are identified based on their symptoms, with most of them being identified and treated in primary school.
Population studies have concluded that five percent of children across the globe elicit impaired attention levels, as well as hyperactivity. The studies have classified boys as suffering from ADHD as being approximately twice as frequently as girls and primary age children as being approximately twice as frequently as adolescents. The existence of ADHD symptoms is on a continuum in the general population, with the disorder being considered to a greater or lesser degree based on the identification, (e.g., parent or teacher), the perceived extent of functional impairment, the criteria used in diagnosing the condition, and the threshold chosen in defining the case under observation. Available literature indicates that developmentally inexcessive levels of inattention or overactivity and impulsive characteristics of ADHD are present among cases from an early age. However, among preschoolers with early signs of ADHD may also present with co-occurring oppositional noncompliant behaviors, temper tantrums and being overly aggressive that may overshadow symptoms of inattention and overactivity, consequently confounding the diagnosis.
, a psychiatrist who treats this condition in adults, “Inattentiveness tends to be less obvious in adults and often goes unnoticed to the untrained eye. Unfortunately, many physicians and those in the medical community are not convinced that ADHD continues well into adulthood.”